The Effect of Physical Parameters on the Transient and Steady-State Response of DC Motor Type Moog BN12HS-13AF-01 and Single-Phase AC Motor Type Simtach AC120M-11J30A

Abstract

A core challenge in electromechanical control systems involves grasping how the physical characteristics of electric motors affect their dynamic behavior, especially in transient and steady-state scenarios. Factors like resistance, inductance, moment of inertia, and torque constant are essential in defining motor performance regarding speed, acceleration, and stability. This research intends to examine the impact of essential physical factors on the transient and steady-state behavior of two types of motors: the DC motor Moog BN12HS-13AF-01 and the single-phase AC motor Simtach AC120M-11J30A. This research's main contribution is the mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of electromechanical systems utilizing actual datasheet specifications. It assesses the time-domain reaction of each motor system to step input signals. The research contrasts open-loop and closed-loop scenarios for the DC motor with PID control and creates a simplified first-order model for the AC motor that accurately depicts its physical characteristics. The approach includes using Laplace transform to represent the continuous-time domain and Z-transform for digital discretization, ensuring compatibility with embedded digital control systems. Simulations utilize MATLAB/Simulink, and system performance is assessed through parameters like rise time, overshoot, settling time, and steady-state error. Findings indicate that parameters like the moment of inertia (J) and the damping coefficient (B) greatly influence the system response. The DC motor utilizing PID control in a closed-loop setup demonstrates significantly enhanced performance, featuring quicker response time and minimal steady-state error in comparison to its open-loop version. Conversely, the AC motor reacts more slowly and with less accuracy, yet maintains stability in uncomplicated scenarios.  In summary, the physical traits of motors play a vital role in system performance, and choosing suitable parameters and control methods is crucial for attaining efficient, stable electromechanical systems.