Mathematical Representation and Simulation of DC054B-5 Motor Dynamic System for Control System Applications

Abstract

This paper presents the mathematical representation and simulation of the DC054B-5 motor dynamic system, aimed at facilitating the development and implementation of effective control systems. The modeling process begins with the formulation of the electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical components of the motor using fundamental physical laws, including Kirchhoff’s voltage law for the electrical circuit and Newton’s second law for the rotational system. These models are then integrated and transformed into the s-domain using Laplace transformation to derive the motor’s transfer function, representing the relationship between input voltage and angular velocity.

Key parameters such as armature resistance, inductance, torque constant, and moment of inertia are determined through datasheet analysis and supporting calculations. The derived transfer function is used to simulate the system’s behavior under various conditions. Both first-order and second-order models are analyzed to capture the motor’s transient and steady-state characteristics. The simulation is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink in open-loop and closed-loop configurations to evaluate system response, stability, and performance under feedback control.

The results demonstrate that the mathematical model accurately reflects the real behavior of the motor and provides a reliable basis for control design. The analysis also highlights the importance of parameter estimation and model reduction in simplifying system dynamics without significant loss of fidelity. This work contributes to the design of control strategies for DC motors in industrial and academic applications, offering a robust framework for further development in motor control and system identification.