Maritime in Community Service and Empowerment

2025-01-06T16:18:54+00:00

MICSE : Maritime in Community Service and Empowerment

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Volume 2 No. 1 November 2024

Effect of PHP Preprocessing and Optimization of Enzymatic Saccharification on Bioethanol Production from Teki Grass with Its Benefits as Ship Fuel in Supporting Energy Availability for Ship Fuel in Coastal Areas

2025-01-18T15:39:18+00:00

The availability of environmentally friendly energy as ship fuel in coastal areas is one of the challenges faced today. One alternative that can be used is bioethanol. This study analyzed the potential of Cyperus rotundus (teki grass) as the main ingredient of bioethanol G2 through preprocess-PHP and optimization of enzymatic saccharification. Preprocess was carried out at two temperatures (40°C and 50°C) with time variations, followed by saccharification and fermentation using Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results showed that optimal saccharification in preprocessing at 50° C produced 13.66% cellulose content. The best bioethanol content was obtained at a fermentation time of 7 days with a temperature of 38°C. This research contributes to the development of an effective method for producing bioethanol from teki grass, supporting the sustainability of renewable energy while considering environmental aspects.

Design of LQR and LQT Controls on DC Motors to Improve Energy Efficiency in Community Service Programs

2025-01-05T16:47:56+00:00

The effectiveness and efficiency of motor speed control are critical for sustainable development, particularly in community-based industries. A control system, defined as a mechanism to regulate, command, and manage a system's state, plays a significant role in optimizing energy usage. DC motors, widely utilized for their linear torque-speed characteristics and high efficiency, are preferred due to their simple control systems and minimal hardware requirements. This research focuses on developing and implementing Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) control systems for DC motors, particularly in community service programs aimed at improving energy efficiency in small-scale industries or maritime applications. The study was conducted in several stages, starting with a comprehensive literature review on first-order mathematical modeling, LQR, and LQT methodologies using journal articles, papers, videos, and books. Subsequently, DC motor specifications were obtained from datasheets and converted into first-order mathematical models. The LQR formulation was applied to derive state-space models through MATLAB programming. Experimental results demonstrate that LQR and LQT controls significantly enhance motor speed optimization while minimizing input signals. However, the introduction of noise or disturbances in the system caused instability, resulting in non-uniform motor speed. The study highlights the potential of LQR and LQT controls to improve energy efficiency in DC motor applications within community service programs. These findings can benefit communities by reducing operational energy costs and supporting sustainable technology adoption.

Optimizing DC Motor Control for Energy Efficiency in the Maritime Community with Linear Quadratic Regulator and Linear Quadratic Tracking Based on MATLAB Simulink

2025-01-05T16:51:53+00:00

This paper presents a comparative analysis between classical control techniques, such as Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), and modern control methods applied to motor control systems (Taini & Triwiyatno, 2019). Motor control systems are essential components in modern systems, requiring linear control strategies to optimize motor performance, particularly when faced with noise or operational disturbances. Traditionally, the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) has been widely utilized. However, under certain conditions, its performance is deemed suboptimal (Riski Hanifa et al., 2018). As a result, there is a growing need for the development of more advanced and efficient control techniques, such as the feedback Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) method (Albar, 2018). A comparative analysis of performance response times under noisy conditions was simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results show that the LQT control method outperforms LQR in terms of response time, exhibiting fewer overshoot and undershoot phenomena when noise is introduced before reaching the settling time (Andria et al., 2014). On the other hand, the LQR control method generates a transient response with a 0.7% overshoot before reaching the settling time. The Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) method, which is designed to track a predefined input path, successfully controls the system's output by adjusting the motor's speed and position. This method is especially useful for ensuring stability and minimizing disturbances during operation, even when faced with external noise. The results indicate that both LQR and LQT controllers were able to track the desired inputs effectively, maintaining stable performance despite their individual limitations. This study contributes to advancing the practical application of control systems in maritime communities, where motor efficiency and stability are crucial for supporting economic empowerment and sustainability in small-scale maritime operations.

Optimization of RF 370 Type DC Motor System with LQR and LQT Method Approach in Community Service Program to Improve Linear Dynamics-Based Control System Performance

2025-01-05T16:50:47+00:00

The application of DC motors is widely recognized due to their suitability for various control-based systems, particularly in industrial and community-driven applications. In community contexts, precise motor control systems are essential for improving productivity and system efficiency. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of the RF-370 DC motor using the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Tracker (LQT) methods, which are well-known for their capability to design efficient and responsive control systems. DC motors play a pivotal role in both advanced technologies and industrial processes. Specific examples of their applications include spacecraft navigation, missile guidance, aircraft control systems, and satellite positioning. In industrial settings, DC motor control is critical for regulating production machines during operations, such as controlling pressure, temperature, flow, friction, and humidity. The growing demand for energy-efficient and high-performance systems has made optimal control a crucial area of research. Optimal control focuses on achieving a balance between performance objectives and technical constraints to create systems that operate efficiently within physical limitations. This involves designing controllers that minimize deviations from desired behaviors while maintaining system stability. The LQR method, for example, calculates optimal control actions by minimizing a defined cost function that balances control effort and system state deviations. Similarly, the LQT method enhances system performance by precisely tracking reference signals. This research highlights the potential of integrating LQR and LQT methodologies into community service initiatives. By applying these advanced control techniques to small-scale industries and educational training programs, the study demonstrates the practical benefits of improving local technological capacities and fostering innovation. The outcomes of this research are particularly relevant for communities seeking to adopt affordable and effective motor control solutions in sectors such as agriculture, creative industries, and vocational education.

Optimization of LQR and LQT Control Systems on PG 28 1:16 Carbon-brush DC Motors for Technological Capacity Building and Productivity in Agricultural, Educational, and Creative Industry Communities

2025-01-05T16:49:37+00:00

DC motors are widely used for their high torque, and one of the key methods for optimizing their performance is through speed control. This study explores the use of wireless communication, specifically radio waves, to enable control systems without requiring direct line-of-sight between transmitter and receiver. The research investigates various configurations, including SISO, SIMO, MISO, and MIMO, to improve data transmission and channel capacity, with multiple antennas (4, 8, and 16) and an SNR range of 0–30 dB. The results demonstrate significant improvements in data rate and system reliability. Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Tracking (LQT) control strategies are applied to optimize the performance of DC carbon-brush motors (PG 28 1:16). LQR calculates an optimal input with a constant feedback gain matrix to stabilize the system, while LQT ensures the output follows a predefined trajectory. MATLAB Simulink is used for simulation and analysis. This research focuses on community service applications, showing how these control systems can benefit agricultural, educational, and creative industries. In agriculture, they can enhance irrigation systems to reduce waste and labor. In education, they provide hands-on STEM learning experiences in vocational schools. In the creative industry, motorized machines can increase productivity in small-scale manufacturing, such as textile production. The findings demonstrate how advanced control systems can drive technological capacity building and improve productivity across different sectors, contributing to sustainable development and local economic growth.

Integration of LQR and LQT Optimal Control Technologies in DC Motors for Energy Empowerment of Maritime Communities Using Simulink Matlab

2025-01-05T16:48:30+00:00

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly influenced various aspects of human life, including the field of electrical systems and control technologies. Access to information and knowledge has become increasingly seamless, fostering innovation and the development of sustainable solutions for future challenges. One critical aspect of technological advancement lies in control systems, which play a pivotal role in modern applications such as ship steering systems, aviation, and industrial automation. Control systems are essential in enhancing product performance and efficiency, especially in optimizing the operation of DC motors. A DC motor, which converts electrical energy into kinetic energy, requires precise control mechanisms to achieve optimal performance. This study focuses on the optimization of DC motors using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Tracker (LQT) methods. By simulating these control techniques in MATLAB Simulink, this paper evaluates the performance of DC motors under the influence of added noise. The results aim to demonstrate how these advanced control strategies can improve energy efficiency and system stability. Furthermore, the research highlights the practical application of this technology to empower maritime communities by addressing energy challenges, promoting sustainability, and supporting community-based technological adoption.

Utilization of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Tracker (LQT) Models for Improving Energy Efficiency in RS 224-8636 DC Motors in the Context of Community Service

2025-01-05T16:52:26+00:00

Optimal control systems have gained significant attention in recent years due to the growing demand for high-performance systems. The optimization concept in control systems balances the selection of performance indices and engineering constraints to achieve an optimal control system within physical limitations. In addressing optimal control systems, it is essential to determine a control rule that minimizes the deviation from ideal system behavior. This study focuses on the application of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Tracker (LQT) models to improve energy efficiency in DC motors, specifically the RS 224-8636 model, as a solution for community service in maritime settings. The research begins by identifying the DC motor's parameters through datasheet analysis and simulating the control model using MATLAB software. After obtaining the necessary datasheet information, first-order mathematical modeling is conducted. The next step involves testing the LQR and LQT circuits in MATLAB, followed by analyzing the results and drawing conclusions. Additionally, the experiments include comparing first-order Simulink simulations with simulations of LQR under two conditions: without noise and with noise interference. The findings indicate that the addition of noise introduces significant deviations in the system's response. Noise interference degrades the quality of the received signal, leading to disruptions in data transmission and processing. These results are particularly relevant in designing robust control systems for real-world applications in energy optimization for maritime communities. By addressing challenges such as noise interference, this research contributes to the development of resilient and efficient energy systems, which can be implemented to enhance the sustainability and economic independence of communities.

Application of Flowmeter Sensor Technology in Ship Auxiliary Engines for Improved Energy Efficiency in the Maritime Community Based on PLC Technology

2025-01-05T16:47:20+00:00

The container transport system plays a crucial role in facilitating cargo transfer by simplifying the unloading process to make it more effective and efficient. In container vessel operations, fuel consumption management is a critical aspect that significantly impacts operational costs, accounting for approximately 70% of the total expenses. Therefore, shipping companies must closely monitor fuel consumption to prevent wastage. Without an effective monitoring system, the management cannot track fuel consumption in real-time, which may lead to misuse by crew members. This study aims to implement a flowmeter sensor technology based on Outseal PLC for automatic monitoring of fuel consumption on vessels. The data from the flowmeter sensor will be transmitted to a web server, allowing authorized personnel to access the information for transparent and accurate oversight. The test results of the flowmeter sensor show low error rates of 1.23%, 2.07%, and 2.06%. Thus, this system proves to be effective as a real-time fuel consumption monitoring solution for auxiliary engines, with a reading interval of approximately 1 minute and 58 seconds per liter. This research contributes to improving energy efficiency in the maritime sector while empowering the shipping community with technology that can be accessed by relevant parties, as part of a broader community service initiative.