Performance Analysis of a Single-Phase Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier for AC Motor Speed Regulation on Marine Vessels

Abstract

The regulation of motor speed is critical in optimizing the performance and efficiency of AC motors, particularly in industrial and marine applications. This study explores a method to control motor speed by adjusting the input voltage through a single-phase half-wave controlled rectifier. Various approaches to motor speed regulation, including frequency adjustment, pole-pair modification, external resistance control, input voltage regulation, vector control, and voltage conversion, have been extensively utilized. However, these methods often present challenges in cost, complexity, and efficiency when applied in constrained environments. The proposed system employs a TRIAC-based rectification technique to control the motor's speed by synchronizing the input voltage with the load requirements, addressing issues related to power factor and system performance. By leveraging thyristors, the system provides precise control over motor speed through the modulation of the firing angle using variable resistors and potentiometers. Experimental analysis demonstrates that as the input voltage increases, the current flow proportionally rises, leading to optimized rotor speed and energy efficiency. The integration of advanced power electronics in this design enhances the adaptability of AC motors to varying load conditions, ensuring stable and efficient operation. This study contributes to the field of power electronics and motor control by presenting a practical and cost-effective solution for speed regulation, making it particularly applicable in constrained environments such as marine vessels and industrial plants.